Squared in math means multiplying a number by itself. It is written with the exponent 2, like 5², which equals 5 × 5 = 25. Squaring is used in geometry, formulas, and real-life measurements such as area. If a number has a superscript 2, it means the number is being squared.

The golden ratio in math is a special number—approximately φ ≈ 1.6180339887 — that appears when the ratio of two quantities equals the ratio of their sum to the larger quantity. This unique proportion creates naturally balanced and visually pleasing relationships between numbers.